When it's *actually* someone's fault.
People in this game are eager to blame anyone else but themselves for something going wrong, and no one likes owning up to it. A lot of people (Talking lower silver and bronze) are so quick to blame people for things they could have prevented. Sometimes, it's actually the person in question's fault, but lets start by describing the roles.
Top - Fighters and splitpushers left to duke it out. These guys take this lane because the champs require a lot of farm to get going. The zone of isolation usually means they can go at eachother without mercy, but some grab teleport for that surprise map pressure. Split pushing top is in itself a huge map pressure as well.
Mid - Mages and Assassins in the center of the map. These guys should have the most impact on the game because they have the most room for flexibility. These guys can be anywhere. They can gank top, bot, counterjungle, push to turret, or grab warden/baron/dragon. These guys should know where to be and when to be there. Their presence matters.
Jungle - This role was started because it would give top extra gold for not having a lane partner, and added an unknown (yet somewhat predictable) factor to the game. This guy roams the fog of war, and you devote gold to making sure you know where they are. Their presence can turn the tide of fights and is usually played by champions with cc, mobility, and tanks, with a few rare exceptions.
Bot - This lane has two people in it. The ADC and the Support. The Support is there for the whole team, not just the ADC. They provide vision, cc, and sometimes healing to benefit the other members of the team, while building other items to indirectly boost the power level of your team. The ADC is pretty much any champ who can right click and crit. They have absurd amounts of damage with no cooldown or resource, but are 'weak' early in the game.
Now, commonly, the support and jungler are blamed the most.
When facing a good enemy jungle, who has camped your lane and has a lot of farm, is a pest. However, the junglers job is pressure, he's doing his job, and the question is if yours is doing his. Is he ganking other lanes? Does he have higher farm? Do we have dragons over them? If so, just suck it up, ward, and farm through because your jungler is taking advantage of it.
Here's when it's different. If their jungler is going apeshit on lanes with vision, and everyones pushed because they are behind. Lets look at what your jungler is doing. Is he 0/0? does he have less farm than the enemy jungle who focuses on ganking lanes? This would be when your jungler is at fault. Not only is he failing at providing pressure, he is failing at using that to outfarm the enemy jungler. This would be an appropriate case to blame them.
What about supports? Commonly, the biggest issues people run into when with a support is either they have a lack of vision, or they die way too much. Lets look.
Is the enemy ahead? If so, supports are not going to leave lane and get caught risking dying even more to get that ward on their red buff. They are going to sit behind and ward lane. If your enemy is dominating the game to where they are in the jungle, you are not coming back from this game unless the support finds the right times to ward your own jungle. If they walk through their jungle like its theirs and you have no vision of your own jungle, this is the supports fault.
Is your support dying a lot? Lets look. Is your support playing a "die for your allies" champ like leona? Is your ADC 5/1 while your support is 0/4/5? If so, they are doing their job, and getting someone else incredibly fed at their own expense. HOWEVER, if they are playing someone like Nami, or Sona, and they are 0/4 while their adc is 0/0, this is the time it is their fault. Their positioning is crap and they have no reason to be dying.
I didn't go over all the lanes because these two are the ones blamed the most, but I hope it cleared some things up.