If you are in a lower elo than you below, you will win more games than you lose.
If you are in the correct elo, you are bound to lose about half of the games you play.
Yes, there are those games where someone goes 1/10 in lane vs a snowball champion who then proceeds to dumpster the squishes on your team. It happens. I'm watching a Youtuber who's going through this yo-yo as well where he gets to a promo, gets weird teammates so he loses his promo, then he wins the next games and gets back into a promo only to have the same thing happen again. It's frustrating, I get it. However, if you are carrying your games (or helping the people carrying you that game), you'll climb, it's as simple as that.
There is a reason there is a meta. Generally the meta champions are powerful and/or easy to play. Taking that last Jhin shot of his ult and having it do 1400 damage is insane, the fact that even if he is behind he offers a ton of utility with the slows and execute damage of his kit is also why he was strong, that's why he was nerfed. Ashe, even if behind, still does tons of damage with her Q and her ult is a stun, which is always going to be powerful, which again is why she was nerfed. Lucian is still insane with the Black Cleaver and Youmuu's build even though it was nerfed on him.
If you see the enemy playing champions that are "utterly broken" maybe you should be playing those champions so you can carry your games better. That way you won't have to rely on a team to help you win. Play Nasus or Tryndamere and splitpush to victory while the enemy team quadras the rest of your team. Play Yi in the jungle and power farm until you can go bot lane and get a double kill, then go back to farming and repeat. If teamfights aren't working, build for splitpush and be un-catchable. Hell, tell your team to build Banner and Zz'rot and enjoy your free win while the enemy team tries to deal with all the minions demolishing their towers.
I played a one for all as Alistar vs Fizz. My entire team went AP it seemed and was doing ok early but then the Fizz's started to group and we would kill 1 blowing all of our cooldowns and then lose 2 or 3 for it. At that point I knew grouping wasn't going to win so I was trying to splitpush. I would be on a side lane pushing a wave or a tower and my team would be standing near our mid tower. Next thing I know I see them all running down mid after a Fizz which then starts a team fight where the other Fizz's appear from the jungle and proceed to protect their ally. After losing a few of these engages, my team starts to complain that we weren't grouped.
If me clearly not being with them isn't enough for them to know they are at a disadvantage, I can't help them with that. If they want to 4v1 chase a Fizz and then suddenly end up in a 4v5, there's nothing I can do to stop it. If they don't understand that Fizz's cooldowns are much shorter than Alistar's cooldowns so he does more damage over time, I can't help them.
To top it off, my teammates died 12-13 times each, where as I only died 5 times. I was level 17 vs their level 13-15. The Fizz's were 17, 17, 16, 15, 13. Just looking at the level difference you'd think my team would realize we can't fight them.
http://matchhistory.na.leagueoflegends.com/en/#match-details/NA1/2296010297/230464500?tab=overview
That is one of those games that you just can't win. If the other 4 people on your team are that dedicated to team fighting vs a better team fight team, there's nothing I can do but try to win whatever way possible. Now, is how I handled the situation correct. I don't know. Perhaps my team was right and me being there would've helped. I can only do what I think is best and hope that it turns out to be right. I still get frustrated when the 1/10 player is yelling at me, but I ignore them and continue playing the best I can and improving what I can.