I remember once, long ago, that a Rioter actually commented about this in a thread where someone brought up your same logic about the melee range attack using a different animation. They essentially said that while it's true that the game registers the variable range, the flag that makes a champion melee or ranged (for the purposes of items and such) is something that can't change on the fly like an animation can.
That being said, with these backend engine-level rebuilds they're doing (like the audio system rebuild this patch), it's possible that they might actually be able to do this for these few champions down the line.