the durability tree is actually pretty good for catering to diverse champs. Those with hard cc, those w/o, and tanky supports. Considering there's only 3 options, they've actually done a good job of maximizing diversity in the tree. Sure a few champs might feel left out - especially when jungling; however, there's always an oddball champ or two that doesn't fit.
As others have explained nicely, there's not really many ways to be more durable - resistances, hp, shields/heals - the tree covers all of them.
Damage dealers are diverse; bursty vs sustained, spellcasters vs aa champs vs mixed damage dealers. And even among spellcasters there's diversity - some spam spells repeatedly, others look to land one combo and delete an opponent. Thus, they TRIED to give stuff that would cater to each of them albeit with mixed success. The different damage trees are supposed to cater mostly to those different types of damage dealers: the aa focused tree, the bursty spell caster tree, and the mage tree. It isn't perfect, but they did a good job for totally reworking everything and will hopefully continue to improve the options and/or diversify more to find something that helps those niche champs who don't really fit any of the current keystones well.