As as a cs:go player i have to say that League ranked system is...a joke. It dosen't really promote personal skill but you promote based on only 1 parameter: How many wins you have ( and you can easily get carried if you are lucky enough ).
On the other hand, CS:GO ranking system ( points based ), even if is quite secret there are some informations about it:
1 - You are matchmaked with players within +/- 5 ranks skill groups of your own ( excluding a team of 5 queuing). Silver 1 is the lowest - Global ellite is the highest ( in total 18 skill groups )
2 - Wins are obviously the most important but this is not the only one factor that determine if you promote faster or not ( as we have in LOL )
3 - Your stats are very important at the end of the game. You may win many games but if you died a lot and your overall contribution in your mathces is low ( calculated in points using K/D/A and how many times you were the MVP ) you will advance slower toward next skill group ( aka rank group ).
4 - It's verry important the difference between your team and enemyes team overall skill group. In simple words, if you win against noobs you will get less points toward next skill group while if you win against enemyes that are in a higher skill group than yours, you will advance way faster ( i find it quite logical ).
5 - For more detailed informations you can search on google "CSGO Glicko - 2 System = Win / Loss + point system + other hidden