[{quoted}](name=Nucleophilic atk,realm=NA,application-id=cIfEodbz,discussion-id=leWAjbFM,comment-id=00010000000000000000000000000000,timestamp=2015-02-19T18:01:28.102+0000)
A simple explanation is that people that have trolls on their team are more likely to lose. Players then bitch at those players. Riot reports it as "oooh seee toxic language made you lose" when in fact, you were going to lose anyway lol.
Except, as I stated already, that's not what they're saying. They aren't claiming causation, they're clearly claiming correlation, explicitly because of situations like those you've just described.
However, you aren't looking at every situation, either. I've seen plenty of games lost explicitly because one guy decided to rage on someone else for a minor mistake. Or because the ADC started ranting at the support because he didn't like ward placement (or the support ran out of wards). In those games, there's a direct causative link.
So... sometimes it causes losses, and sometimes it happens it merely correlates with losses, and sometimes it seems to have little or no effect. The only way to accurately report something like that is with a correlative statement indicating the average connection between the two things.
There are far too many confounders (spelling?) for these types of statements to be of any value to me.
Confounders is correct, though I prefer to be a bit more specific (and make my spellcheck happier) by calling them confounding variables.
It is sort of like going out and hitting golf balls. Then the next day, switching balls and hitting them further. You then say X ball makes you hit X yards further without taking into account there were 10 mph greater winds the next day lol.
It's more like collecting data on millions of players hitting golf balls every day, and reporting that certain balls seem to fly further sometimes.
Again, you're accusing them of indicating causation, when they aren't claiming that at all. They're claiming nothing more than correlation, with a data-set more than large enough to minimize the effects of those confounding variables.