In order:
I honestly have no idea how you beat her. She punishes you for beating her in a trade. Bramble vest is your friend for certain, though.
Position well. Keep your vital to a wall (can't hit it then!), and bait her W. Bramble vest is still very much your friend. Escape her ultimate if you can, as well. It has an initial 100s CD.
Dodge his Q, and abuse his W's CD. He maxes Q W E nearly all of the time, and he needs his W up to trade well. Don't try to flash away from his ult, instead, try to predict where he targeted it, and either get past that point, or move to somewhere he won't lock onto you. Same for his E, I suppose.
Play around her passive. Respect it. And dodge her E. If you happen to get hit by it, either go in (Every time you hit her it reduces the duration of her E by .5s, and you can always force her to back off of it) or run (her E echoes damage to you. It can be better to run away from her and just evade the tentacles than to eat the damage from her hitting it. Just make sure you evade the slams if she doesn't)
I have no idea. It's a skill matchup as Kled against him, I suppose. But it's far easier to just play a ranged champion. Kite him to stay alive.
I'm not certain how to beat him, but I do know that %hp damage is useful against him, and you want to be reasonably mobile and durable. Shen works well against him. Kled dominates him.
Again, no idea, but that's because I haven't fought him. Bramble vest may help against his passive. You can also try Adaptive Helm. The big thing you need to do is save your CC for after his dash, and evade his ultimate. If you can't evade his ult, and you can't get someone to tank it for you, try to get hit by it at the beginning, as opposed to the end. His ult functions a lot like Ashe's, where the stun is stronger the further it goes. So if you can't completely evade it, mitigate its damage by being hit by it early on.
All of these champions have one thing in common, though: They all seem to do well against each other. Kled beats a good number of them (skill or counter). Fiora beats Kled for certain (super easy to Riposte Kled's Q, which counts as an immobilizing effect, meaning ezpz stun), and likely Tahm, but loses to Singed, of all people (nothing to parry), as well as Urgot (Fiora's passive requires moving around Urgot to get a lot of damage out. Urgot wants his opponent to move around him, so that he can get his passive off easier. His passive wins. Just don't try to ult her, since she can Riposte it). Irelia is Irelia, and the only thing I know is to treat her like she's Olaf and Yasuo's child: Mobile and all but CC invulnerable. Tahm has a lot of health, but he can't activate his shield when he's CC'd, and you can always wait out the shield's duration.
Look for their counters, and you'll do well. All of their counters are logical ones, but you may have entirely forgotten about them, since they're usually just not popular.