Kill bounty over time instead of immediately?
A normal kill bounty is 300g What if, instead of getting it all immediately, we got it as a passive that gives x gold per 5 seconds (let's say 5 gold per 5 seconds, for the sake of explanation) until it has given the whole 300g? (Killing another champion would add another stack, making it 10gp5 until the first timer runs out, then 5gp5 until the second one runs out too)
This should reduce snowballing by giving a better chance of coming back after a death.
Example: you die in lane (maybe a gank, maybe a lag spike, whatever), and your enemy recalls. As it is now, when you come back in lane he has more items than you have, and can use that advantage immediately to start a snowball.
With this change, instead, you'd have the same items: you now have the chance to get even, or at least not fall too far behind. If you let enough time pass (because you can't or don't want to get even), then he still gets the full reward from killing you.