Leagues' promo system in a nutshell
"Here at league of legends, we understand that our games are a slightly random affair-even playing consistently you can't control your teammates. That's why we operate with the MMR or Elo system to find that sweet spot where you're winning 50% of your games.
Ah, we see you have a 57% winrate over a couple hundred games. Great! That means you'll gain plenty of LP and you'll be matched with players in the league ahead of you.
What? You'd like to be actually IN that league if you're always playingwith them? Slow down tiger! First we need to establish your "skill" based on an INCREDIBLY small sample size instead of the large one that shows your actual average skill level! What if you get unlucky and get placed with a teammate who feeds a half dozen kills and AFKs at base? What if our notoriously awful servers cause everyone to lag and you to lose? Why...we're fair people, we'll just drop you down an enormous amount and make you play a dozen more games against people who are a league ahead of you!
What? You mean to say this is causing 80% of the player base to be stuck in bronze and silver? Preposterous!"