Your basis of theory is not quite right. The majority of those champions are incredibly frustrating to deal with, and their kits allow them to function well in any scenario and pull out on top, most of the displaying no apparent weaknesses. Most of them dont even specialize in excelling against range, and in fact, most of them can be devastated by range. I'll start from the top:
- Riven is hardly proficient against range. Her kit is just incredibly frustrating to go against, especially if she's ahead. She has 3 dashes, a stun, a shield, and she gets projectiles. She wrecks and can effectively get away, leaving many fuming at her. Against most range, however, she's ruined.
- Ah, Yasuo. Probably the only champ in your list who is designed against range. Everyone hates him, I need not go on.
- She's got loads of mixed damage and dashes for days. Early range will fuck her up, and lots of AOE can still wreck her in her shroud. Her effectiveness against ranged is not why she's frustrating. It's her stealth, her dash, and her incredible in your face burst.
- Ekko. Ekko is not proficient against ranged, and never has been. He does have loads and loads and loads of crowd control, and that's why he's frustrating, because that much burst shouldn't have that much CC. Coupled with his tank build which made him unkillable, and this is why he was hated. Any good mage can at least put him on the ropes.
- Fizz is an assassin. He's got some irritating parts of his kit that help him avoid range, but it's mainly his troll pole, his hidden DOT, and irritating burst that make him frustrating.
- Jax has really no built in defense against range, and in fact crumbles against any kind of spell thrown at him. He can hop and he can block AAs, but not spells, and any type of caster can ruin his day in a hot minute, especially if they have any kind of CC. People hate him because he's a turd with absurd attack speed and some of the most frequent mixed damage in the game, making him difficult to protect against.
- Darius is absolutely screwed by range, this is why Kayle is one of his biggest counters. He's kites like a bitch. People hate him because he deals insane damage and has DOTs that make Cassiopeia and Twitch cry themselves to sleep. On and the recharging dunk.
- Nidalee is half ranged and chucks spears that halve your HP. Then she turns into a cat and leaps away into the darkness, only to chuck another spear at you. How on earth did she make your list when she's so range reliant?
- Illaoi is another ones of those champs who's kited to death. Range devastates her. But if you get in her space, you die. Everyone does. This is why people hate her.
- Irelia is an overloaded bitch and everyone knows it. She's not good against range because she does struggle against, and that's not why she's hated. It's her tenacity, her stuns, and her self healing absurd true damage autos.
- Lee Sin is overloaded and a poster boy. He exploited a glitch so good it became an accepted part of his kit. He's tanky, he's fast, he heals, he shields, and he kicks you, while dealing loads of damage. He can,be kited and killed by range if he misses his Q.
- Renekton is just beefy and he hits hard. He's also go dashes. He's easily trumped at a range though.
- Again, she has dashes, but not 24/7. Range can destroy her.
- Zac has CC for days and is impossible to kill along with dealing %HP damage. This is why he's hated. He actually sucks against most ranged characters he doesn't take by surprise.
- Zed is just utterly obnoxious. He's got another overloaded kit and doesn't stay where he's supposed to be, and he can be rough when allowed to get a lead. Ranged can still ruin him though, especially Annie or Ryze.
- Annie shits on Talon. So does any AOE mage. His only saving grace is his ult, which is still subject to danger against the likes of Annie, Brand, or Xerath. Melee has a harder time against him than ranged.
- Tryndamere is a one trick pony who gets free stats, like Yas. He is NOT good against ranged and will get eaten alive by them, specifically Ashe and Kayle. He split pushes like a beast and can hit hard due to the free crit. This is why he's hated.
- Kha'zix is another assassin with a leap. A leap does not immediately mean you're a ranged killer. What made him immensely frustrating was his stealth and his ability to waste you of you are alone.
- Katarina scales like a beast. She's not good against ranged, and can get easily shut down if the ranged player is competent. Her biggest frustration is her ult, which hits like a freight train. This is why people hate her. That and Shunpo.
- Kassadin did loads of damage and then blinked away forever. He was uncatchable. That's why people hated him. He was good against everyone.
- Another champion who gets kited harder than a dog chasing a car. Rageblade made her a monster. That's why people hated her. She sucks against range.
- Gangplank dealt tons of damage and his barrels were hard to escape. Crit plank was a problem. However, he doesn't do well against ranged.
- Hecarim was exploiting Homeguard with Teleport, and then he just got super strong with item shift. He isn't necessarily good against range, and anyone who sees him coming can prepare.
- Poppy sucks against ranged. She doesn't suck against dashes, and people near walls pay for walking there. She's hard as hell to kill and does a lot of damage.
So in short, your theory is unfounded, and having a dash does not make you good against range, as you seem to believe.