good early game, fantastic late game

caitlyn gets a good early game (good as in safe range, decent harass, and zoning) and great late game (crit with her passive + fervor)

but then we come across a champion like kog'maw that struggles to have a good early game, has a mediocre mid game and a (possibly) great late game

how come some champions can do bad but still stay relevant and then other champions do bad and become non existant

edit: no point in down voting if u dont state ur reason why lmao