The most important thing as malp is a solid strategic read on the game.
While he's supprisingly good 1v1, he's still not really a great splitpusher, especially not later on. Mid to late, he's all about that ult, so it's very important to use it wisely. Going for a solo kill with it can loose you the game if it means you don't have it up for baron/elder.
So haveing a good understanding for when to group and when to fight around what objective is very important on malph, as his kit mostly revolves around that 1 big teamfight ult.
This also means you need to know how and then to engage. Simply pressing R when your rnrmirs are grouped isn't enough, it's just as important(if not more) to be aware of your allies. The two most common fails i see on malph(or other hard engage) is either gooing to far with a maxrange flash ult and then wondering that theri team couldn't instantly cross 2 screens to foolow up, or engageing after allies used important CDs and again wondering why there's no proper followup.
All this is theoretically basic game knowledge, but for malph it's far ore important than for someone like jax or qiyana, cause he has very little to offer beyond that one ult that makes or breakes a fight and has a rather high CD. Qiyana can fail her ult and still scrap some kills in a split fight or go splitpushing, jax has his entier kit on a ~7sec cd, cause his ult active is a nice to have but not needed to contribute in a fight. Malph has his R every min, and if that doesn't lead to something meaningfull, he'll pay for it while he waits for the CD.
Also, never be that malph that only uses his ult to finish of lowhealth units, those are the worst. They end with great KDAs but still lose the game all by them selfs, it's worse than inting...