I just encountered a player who has been intentionally losing ranked games for two weeks
They may have been doing it for longer than 2 weeks, but I can't see their history beyond that.
In the game I encountered this player in, they picked an ADC and went to top lane, and literally just farmed the entire game. They may as well have been a bot; they didn't help defend objectives, they didn't team fight, they didn't even split push, they just farmed the minion waves for the entire game. The enemy team was taking our nexus turrets, and they were at bottom lane farming.
Their match history is full of games where they did this, often with scores like 1-7-0. You can tell by looking at their damage done to champions, which is always extremely low. It's obvious that they aren't being banned because they're still 'playing' the game.
There seriously needs to be more resources dedicated to catching and removing these players. The state of ranked right now is sad.