Playing Tanks in Ranked, Can it work to climb?

I know I'm not a high elo player, but I enjoy playing tanky champions with strong cc. I realize that this goes against the philosophy that damage carries, but I wanted to hear peoples thoughts. I have stalled out in my climb playing champions like, Singed, Shen, Naut, Tahm, Gragas, and Taric. Tanks are a necessary role, but it feels that in a ranked solo queue setting its not always a good idea. So do we just end up with 5 carries every match and hope somehow it works out? Do we throw legitimate team comps out the window for raw damage? There has got to be a way this works, what advice do people have other than play meta damage dealers. Please don't flame, this is the role I enjoy playing. What kind of changes in my mentality or specific playstyle should I make to be more successful and carry teammates? Thanks