BASICALLY a better vlad
Vlad heals for ~25 every 9 seconds with his Q, but he also has empowered Q, which can't be compared with Akali. The difference is Vlad is encouraged to spam his Q more because of crimson rush. On top of that, the healing is linked to his harass/dueling ability. Akali is just a passive attached to autoattacks. This means akali can still poke you while healing and has arguably better lane control.
If she heals too much on minions, with this numbers, that's not her problem, it's your fault. You shouldn't let her near creeps. Trade and trade smart. 40 healing every 16 sec is less than 1 auto, so again, if she does heal too much from creeps, it's on you for letting her.
That depends on the champs. She can just QE aa W out and win many trades. Most top laners can't handle poke/burst types of short trades. This was seen with the arcane comet tanks a while ago. Top laners thrive in extended trades and it's very difficult to force akali into one (same with Vlad) unless they make a mistake. It is very hard for top laner kits to play around that.
Making mistakes is not counterplay.
There is no way to "not let her near creeps." This is just as true with akali as it is for Aatrox, Xin, Trynd, Vlad, Talon and many others. You can't just stand in the waves and expect nothing to happen.
Unlike vlad, Akali will lose out on a lot more CS. That does not stop her from healing or trading, or chain dashing you at lvl 6.
The guy above stated that you can't use Executioner's as melee, that's bs and he knows it. Hexdrinker is a super sweet item on anyone with AD scaling and/or uses a lot of autos (hello TF and Katarina)
Exec is annoying because most top laners just don't get Mortal Reminder. Those that do, don't want to rush it. The champs that can synergize with executioner's generally can't afford to pay the 800 and skip out on their first core item/boots and would be better off without the item. Exec is good vs vlad because he's more of a battle mage and constantly healing. With akali, she just waits for grev.wounds to wear off (1.5s of not being attacked by a melee, whoo). Exec isn't worth buying vs her.
Hexdrinker is bad because it's too niche. It's only good vs a team with lots of AP champs. At 1300 gold, it also ends up taking the spot of the first core item and that can be absolutely crippling. Most jglers are AD, and Hexdrinker is just pure garbage vs that.
With akali's playstyle and how often she spams Q, spirit mantle would be better, but that item can only be bought by bruisers. Fighters don't get that luxury.
Tammy dudes can indeed use Bramble, but they can also use Hexdrinker, as it's upgrade, Maw, heals from all damage done, not just physical. So even ranks can use it, and Akali can't even farm against a tank with those 2 items and lane management.
Er tanks should never get hexdrinker. Ever.
Lane management and buying bramble counteract each other. When you buy bramble, just like with tiamat, you give up lane control for better trading. That's just how it is. Additionally, bramble needs akali to attack you. Good luck with that.
That aside, I don't think tanks have an issue laning against akali. It's most fighters and bruisers.
I'm an Akali main with a sweet winrate on her and even sweeter against her, because I know what I need to watch my ass out for and i know low elos won't punish me.
Low elo is irrelevant. It's too flunctuative.
If she's near creeps, don't let her, that simple.
That doesn't work in high elos because it opens you up to ganks, and top lane is the easiest lane to gank. This applies to Akali and every other type of similar champ. What you're suggesting as counterplay is basically "don't let her cs" except on a more extreme level. People are already denying her cs. It is pretty easy to do that pre-6 on most champs. But it is damn near impossible to just stop her from attacking minions.
She can abuse mistakes but she's easy to punish, yet the biggest mistake people make against her is that they let her heal, let her farm, they don't play properly against her.
The biggest mistake you can make IS playing against her and constantly trying to stop her from healing and farming. That playstyle throws off lane control, opens you up to Akali punishing you for overaggression (which she can do very easily), and most importantly makes you vulnerable to ganks. The counterplay to Akali just can't be done unless you want to suffer even greater losses.
Generally, you wind up compromising and only harassing her and denying some farm (as you do with most matchups). That, however, isn't enough to stop her.
She isn't as strong as you guys make her be, she only does that because you let her.
She's strong in that you have to let her get strong or get crapped on.