How does matchmaking work?

I really don't want this to come off as me whining, but I'm really just wondering how matchmaking works on League. I feel like I get on a streak of about 10 games where my lanes go even or win and we have a fair chance to win the game. But then I hit a streak where every single lane just incredibly feeds. I'm sitting at 1-1 in lane and I'm just wondering "Why has mid and top been 0-5 by ten minutes each of my past 10 games?"

So is matchmaking skewed to try to pair me with others on a losing streak? Why does this seem to happen constantly? And yea yea I know if you're better you'll move up. But if I'm a Gold 5 player, that's not much higher than Silver 1. I'm not saying I do great every game, because I don't and there are games where I feed. But I just don't get how I seem to go on a streak of 10 wins then get 15 losses in a row. And from what I've heard, this isn't new in Ranked. It seems a ton of people deal with this.