I know it's not really valid to directly compare two abilities, but...
Tahm Q is literally a better version of Braum Q. They do exactly the same thing.
TL;DR: basically tahm's starts out stronger utility wise, but scales much better into the late game. Stronger CC early, stronger damage later. Although Tahm's late game slow is stronger.
Tahm Q
- MAGIC DAMAGE: 80 / 125 / 170 / 215 / 260 (+ 70% AP) (2/4/6% bonus HP)
- SLOW: 30 / 40 / 50 / 60 / 70% (2 sec)
- STUN: 1.5 second
- RANGE: 800 range
- COST: 50 mana
- COOLDOWN: 6sec
Braum Q
- MAGIC DAMAGE: 70 / 115 / 160 / 205 / 250 (+ 2.5% maximum health)
- SLOW: 70%, decaying over 2 seconds (average 35%)
- STUN: 1.25 / 1.5 / 1.75
- RANGE: 1000
- COST: 55 / 60 / 65 / 70 / 75 MANA
- COOLDOWN: 10 / 9 / 8 / 7 / 6
I can't speak for missile speed or width (i know tahm's is getting nerfed). Like braum's has a few marginal advantages, but tahm's has blatant advantages.
At lower levels.
Braum - 25% greater range, .5% better bonus HP scaling,~~ base HP scaling~~, 5% greater average slow
Tahm - 40% shorter CD, 12.5% higher base damage, 20% longer stun, lower 10% lower cost, 70% AP scaling
But given the base HP scaling of braum Q, and base damage of tahm Q, the total base damage is negligible
At higher levels. Braum - 25% greater Range, 14% longer stun, 14% higher base damage Tahm - 33% lower cost, 35% higher slow, 3.5% higher bonus HP scaling, 70% AP scaling