can you get to the point where you wont lose a 1v1 because of thornmail...e.g tank vs adc
Yes.
But that point is pretty much in lane as your first major item.
In 1 major item builds.
And against specific opponents.
On top of the starting ~30ish armor you get a low levels: the 100 armor on Thornmail will increase your lifespan by 80% against physical damage.
Thornmail will then proceed to reflect damage back to your attacker before it's mitigated by any of your armor.
After your opponents 30 MR it's only reflecting 23% of their attack power, but with 130 armor you're only eating 43% of their attack power: causing you to reflect ~53% of the damage they deal.
And you survive 80% longer than your opponent if they built a pure-damage.
Which means for them to kill you, they're pretty much going to eat 95% of their maximum health if they just resort to auto-attacks, don't have armor penetration, life steal, or noteworthy magic resistance.
You only have to take out 5% of their max HP to kill them, and AFK auto-attacking them you should be able to take out much more than that.
So: in lane vs. a

?
Thornmail is pure cancer. As a ranged champion you can usually just ignore it and focus on CS though - but you can't really poke, harass, or bring any sort of lane presence.
Thonrmail is also pretty cancer against all those champions in Dominion, to the point I've gotten triple-kills on Thonrmail Fiora vs some AD heavy teams, which is kind of sad considering the lack of synergy it has with her kit.
Late game though?
Thornmail is pretty garbo unless you're someone like Malphite or Taric, did well early/mid, have a ton of gold, and can get away with building nothing but armor.
3-major items in? There aren't any armor items that allow you to maintain the same massive boost in armor as Thornmail, so you're phys defense atrophies compared to the power it provides in-lane: where the damage potential of every auto-attacker grows exponentially. Double defense vs. double attack early is pretty swell. Triple defense vs. Octuple offense late, not so much.
life steal also pretty much obliterates the kill-potential of thornmail and turns it more into a minor annoyance. More importantly late game though: Life steal makes HP not help a whole bunch. It's just more life to steal, delaying the inevitable rather than preventing it.
Compound that with %armor penetration piercing ~1/3rd of your armor in the late-game phase, some miscellaneous MR/survival bonuses that will mitigate thornmail's damage, and the fact late-game is usually the team fight phase where you can easily focus someone besides the thornmail hulk as an auto-attacker and have the aid of tanks and supports when they try to force you to?
Thornmail is pretty much garbage late-game. Or in ARAM in general.
Anyways - main reason to get
:
-
You want to turn top-lane
into paste.
Probably as a mid-game bruiser like
, with the intent of gaining a ton of leverage early and ending the game before it hits the 30 minute mark.
-
You're stuck top-lane as a tank that has to deal with a constant split-push threat from the likes of
.
Thornmail is still pretty strong in 1v1 situations against such champions.
-
You're playing Dominion, and a decent portion of the enemy team is all late-game, auto-attacking hyper-carries. Build Thornmail, proceed to capture all the points, and win the game depressingly fast without dying ever.
TLDR:
is auto-win as a first major item.
And pretty much useless in a 3 major item build.