Dealing with characters that seem broken

Keyword: seem. I am no plat--or gold even--for that matter player. I know I have my limitations, so this post is to address issues I am facing versus a few champs that seem hugely imbalanced to me.

I generally main support. I've tried a variety of support meta and non-meta characters out. I've recently started playing Heimerdinger mid to expand my board experience (because 90% of the time I've played, I've been support). Deciding that I really like Heimerdinger, I've taken him to the bot lane as support with great success.

Mostly, I feel like the matches have gone well. There are times Heimer is clearly in an advantaged position, most times he feels pretty even-matched, and sometimes it's obvious he just didn't stand a chance (True of mid and bot lanes, not much experience in top).

So recently, I've faced a few people who I just can't seem to get around. Here they are:

Garen: Perhaps the worst offender. Garen is one of those champs who has me raging, "PICK DAMAGE OR TANK, BUT NOT BOTH!" I've watched time and again as Garen stacks solid armor only, and can still two- to three-shot many champs, all while standing up after a 5v1 type encounter. I cannot for the life of me figure out what I can do or help others realize they can do to deal with Garen, and my research has been generally fruitless. He really does seem like he's built to kill everything and die to most nothing.

Draven: If I play a squishy character, Draven just murders me. His auto attack accounts for most of the damage I've received. Give Draven a Sona, and it's basically gg unless one of them makes atrocious mistakes. If I play a tank, doesn't seem to matter to him. He seems to put out way more damage than he can receive to die.

Sona: Mostly, her early game is pretty annoying, and she generally seems to become irrelevant mid-to-late game. But that early game range and sustain can really gimp my bot team's progress. Depending on who she's paired with, this can be too lethal to overlook.

Talon: I don't see him often, but when I do, I almost just want to X off LOL and take a penalty. Usually, he's just super annoying. But as I've been playing Heimer, he seems like he was built to literally counter me to the point of irrelevance. Every single time I've been in a situation vs. a Talon, he always finds a way to get to me and kill me instantly, then go on to kill maybe one or more of my team before he dies, if he dies.

In the case of Talon, I can accept being counter-classed. But I don't think counter-classing should = totally irrelevant, and that's how it feels vs. a Talon. I feel like my best move is just to stay at base and help avoid feeding him.

Anyway, these are just some observations that I am making with total understanding that I need to find some strategies to help. If any of these champs do currently have divine favor, I'd be okay just knowing that is how it is. And yes, I know, everyone hates Heimerdinger. I've been told game after game that players have made it their mission to kill me at all costs because apparently Heimer is satan; not Teemo.

I've tried to incorporate armor into Heimer's kit, but all that does is weaken my attacks while providing me with a top sheet against a cold winter. Given his stats are seemingly glass-canony, I feel like trying to buff any of his defenses is just a waste of time.