The problem I have with, well everything in this post is it doesn't seem that PBA is more of a symptom of other diseases.
Conditions or injuries that PBA can occur in include: Alzheimer’s disease or other dementias, Stroke, Traumatic brain injury (TBI), Multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson’s disease, and Lou Gehrig’s disease (ALS).
In the wording of this and other articles I read on the subject, make it seem to me that PBA is a symptom of other diseses. Not to say that people with things like MS couldn't play League, it's just unlikely.
It could happen with Traumatic brain injury, but even that number would be minimal. According to the website that you provided, around 2 million people suffer from PBA. Now let's break down who would be playing League with the diseases mentioned above. Dementias: not likely to play League. Stroke: possible, but very few. TBI: I think this would be the majority of this group that would play League. MS: depending on how far along it is, so some but again not a lot. Parkinson's, very few if any. ALS, again probably a few. In the end when you break down the numbers, you're talking about maybe a several thousand cases. Possibly 100,000 cases if we are being generous?
Now unfortunately we don't have more recent or specific data on the number of League players. The most reagent information I could find was here. http://www.riotgames.com/articles/20121015/138/league-legends-growth-spells-bad-news-teemo
In 2012 there were 32 million active users in the LOL community world wide. If we say that 1 million people who play this game have PBA, that would still be about 3% of the player base.
In the end we are talking about a fraction of the community, and yes it is a serious disease, but really this isn't Riot's problem.
The other problem I have with the link that you provided us is that these episodes last from seconds to minutes. League games often take 40 plus minutes, especially in lower elo's. But the site that you linked described the episodes as being brief, 40 even 30 minutes isn't a brief episode. Also the site says that people are happy or crying, not necessarily angry. While anger may be included in this range of symptoms, I find it odd that you would include that when the research that you give us doesn't mention it.
While I agree with you, a player's outbursts may not be their own fault, I think what they choose to do is their responsibility. Doing things like, if you are getting emotional, walking away from the game for a while, or just unbinding the enter key so the player can't chat, that I hold the responsibility to the player. I suffered for years from severe depression, and I would notice myself getting upset and responding very emotionally. I would get very angry or very sad, at that point I had to walk away from the game for a couple of hours or I knew I would say something that would get myself banned. I think it also gives practice for the real world. While a boss may be sympathetic at first, eventually one has to recognize that their responses are not appropriate and eventually will get fired. Eventually everyone has to own up to how they act, and if they can't do it, they will eventually have to face the consequences.