Well, it all depends who you play as. I didn't see it in your post at least. Btw I'm nto trying to say you need to counterpick these champions but there are naturaly champions who fare better against your list and champions who do poorly.
Form my point something like this perhaps could help?
OK this post is too long. Don't read it and let others to advise you.
[slayer-jinx-unamused] [slayer-jinx-unamused] [slayer-jinx-unamused] [slayer-jinx-unamused]
Akali: her before lvl 6 is obviously her biggest weakness (after pink wards ;-)). If you can kill her a few times or bully her out of lane withotu dying to ganks/or to her then you are set for a fine game. Akali wants to roam, unlike what most of yoru teammates say you don't need to follow her. Ping your teammates back, tell them Akali is there, - if they die it's their problem not yours, you should focus on farming and getting turret. That will help your team more, turret down opens the game for you and yoru jungler (you can freely roam while if Akali wants to get any farm she has to stay on her side of the map which makes her less likely to gank yoru teammates). If she decides to stay and farm than the first part appleis, get jungler to kill her, depending on which elo you play at you will have your supports help as well - with a pink ward she is easy to kill at all levels. In teamfights hmm if she is not fed and you have a pink she is usually useless the moment she jumps in your team.
After lvl 6 in lane and you haven't killed her or bullied her out of lane at all? Well you lost your best window of opportunity. Now not even your jungler's ganks are sure to secure a kill without any problems.
Beiing long range helps, having ressist/armor helps/being champion with high mr/armor/hp helps.
Garen: he isn't that good but he also isn't that bad especially in lane :-). I play him quite a bit. His Q is his only mobility, so keep that in mind and don't go close to him if you don't what to trade with him. The moment he wastes his CD (anything Q, W, or E) you can go on him for a bit. If silence is your problem than use your skills before he hits you - it's really that simple (Irelia hiten style - just actiat it before he coms, set your stun up too and you are fine, other champions are similar, what is helpful in trade activate it before after the trade yo uwill be getting your CD back again while he won't be that way yo ucan outtrade him).
He builds tanky, it's chepaer than damage (this applies to all tanks) that's when the lane is turned into farming only for you. Don't engage him unless you know you can come up way ahead and/or your jungler/mid comes to kill him. He outsustains currently most of the top laners. In mid to late game Garen is losing a lot, his Q doesn't give that much mobility so if you have wards it's difficult for him to surprise your team and as long as you have mroe than one cc spell you cna keep him at distance. Don't focus him, kill their damage dealers and then kill him, only cc him. Garen has troubles staying on top of other champs as logn as the team pays attention and holds him back.
Darius: if your jungler comes and Darius Q is up, let the jungler soak it ;-). Don't go for it as two it heals him for so much that you could both die (at least one of you will die for sure it's Darius after all! :-)). Range champions are good against him as well as cc champions so exploit it. He is good throughout the whole game. But he lacks mobility really heavily so any cc is a huge wall for Darius to overcome. Just cc him and poke his hp bar low enough before any fight. In teamfights don't group, Darius heal again, it's insane when he goes into five people and they group, he is unkillable.
Note: best counter to Darius isn't necessarily armor. It's HP because his ult deals true damage - this is a big deal but obviously armor is great against him too but Darius doesn't deal damage based on your HP so getting HP is even better.
Katarina: hard CC is obviously great but you can still avoid some of her damage from her ultimate by just walking away from her you know? ;-). Get jungler help before six, let her jump on you than jungler can walk out of brush and simple kill her, not much to that. Katarina suffers from CC so keep it either you or your teammate for her the whole time. Before six you cna easily bully her with most of the champions. After six she might decide to roam if she feels she can't win against you because you bullied her too much and you are now ahead in items/levels. Here it's similar to Akali (and to all other mid laners) you don't need to follow her. Just make sure ypu tell/ping your teammates. You farm up -> more money and more experience -> more items and more base stats -> even more advantage over Katarina. You might don't need to push mid tower too much if you don't want to roam as in case with Akali because unlike Akali if Katarina is behind she doesn't jump ahead of you simply by reaching lvl 6 power spike. Akali can be much more harder to deal with in lane in 1v1 situation because one hard CC ability won't shut most of her damage down.
When mid roams and you want to pressure mid attack tower (that's usually better in solo queue anyway, if bot/top dies it's their fault for not going back enough when you pinged there is a hell of a lot of time before mid Kata arrives to any lane from mid ;-). When she roams bot you can actually clear minions pressure turret and when you are finished with turret or see jungler coming ot yo uwith ward just go back or gank the lane kata didn't go to ;-). With turret down go pressure turret where Katarina isn't present, let her waste time. Kills don't put you clsoe to nexus, but destroyed turrets do.
Oriana: is strong, don't think she isn't at any level. She has strong autoattacks so if you exchange with her aas she wins most of the trades. Her spells have low CDs and cost little mana. With mana regen she can spam it for long time. Oriana is a zone type mage - aggressive one actually. Her ball is not difficult to dodge because you always know where it is (unless she hid it in terrain ;-)). Position yourself on the side where the ball isn't. Dodging is the key, either get mobility champion or simple get better :-). But positioning should help a lot, unless yo uahve range or high burst with dash don't fight her just keep farming she has no escape so get ganks and kill her if she pushes to far. Her shield is strong in exchanges too, so she wil most likely win msot of theexchagnes unless the player is really bad. But it's a difficult champion so it's quite probable the player isn't good with her. If it's agood player than clearing wave and getting farm should be your objective in lane you don't need to fight her if you dont' want becuase she is not mobile and quite squishy it's easy to avoid fights with her with just being correctly positioned.
She brings a lot throughout the whole game to the team. But pays for it heavily by being a difficult champion to master.
Fizz: who does know that? Well, get champion that can handle him in champ select, if you picked before him and picked a bad champion for that matchup that it's yoru fault for not picking a safe laner xD. Otherwise rushing MR is really good against him. Abyssal is something Fizz players don't like against them as much as Le Blanc players. I can't give you more notes on this matter he is slippery and has everything against most of the mid laners. Pre level 6 you can usually kill him with most of the mid laners, I usually bully fizz players so much that they either leave lane several times or die, this way I get one or two levels advantage and I consider that enough to win against him in skirmishes even after level six with my lvl and item advantage. If he roams don't roam with him ping teammates tell them not to feed him and get more cs and tower that way you put him behind a lot. He handles hard push terrible so as long as you have wards and know where he is just go for the tower and then help top to get it's tower down when fizz is busy ganking bot lane. When you open the game by destroying turrets (especially top lane) you usually get help of a champion that is more tanky and can handle fizz better ;-).
Run to base if you are the jungler and you see he has Noxian Might. Otherwise you are setting yourself up for a double kill for Darius. Play safe. Try to make plays else where. MAKE SURE TO TP AWAY FROM DARIUS!! He can stop your tp with his pull. Every 1 in 3 matches, i mess up someone's tp.
is capable of deleting you the second he hits 6 if he has 
, and you have no semi-defensive items, or are playing a naturally tanky champion. If you're health bar is around 70%, be careful. If it's 50% or below, you should already be backing.
