I dont understand why penalties for dodging in ranked are so high

Hey guys,

I'm at silver rank right now in soloQ and many times at champ select i have to dodge because i see that my team mates choose only squishy champions or start to flame in team chat, while enemy team composition is clearly better with 2 or 3 tanky champs.

I feel obligated to dodge to avoid a free loose because consequences of loosing are too high to risk it.

But when i do i get 15 LP and 30 min penalty every time, well not the 1st time of the day but i dont want to play only 1 ranked game a day.

So I dont understand why are penalties this high for dodging a game. To avoid having too much people doing it and so making it harder to find a match? I prefer waiting longer to have a balanced matchup rather than having a 1 sided game, one way or another.

Can someone enlight me please?