I play Quinn any lane, albeit focus on top.
BORK > boots > GB > LW > IE > Situational has been the staple Quinn build since season 3 for all lanes, even as ADC, and is used all the way up to challenger. Only difference between solo and bot lanes is that solo lanes have the freedom to switch out or delay boots and GB/IE to suit their matchup. E.g. getting TF, BC, BT, MS, MoM, DMP, etc, instead of IE.
The build that you listed is just the standard, cookie-cutter ADC build path. It has proven synergy between each other but not necessarily to the champion's kit. As such, for most cases it'll work out well, but it's not necessarily optimal. Starting IE SS on Quinn is just as good as starting IE SS on Vayne (i.e. not optimal). That build is best for ADCs with high AD scalings and/or just want to output as much DPS as possible. However, Quinn doesn't have good AD scalings. At all. Graves' ultimate has a higher AD scaling than Quinn's harrier+Q+E combined. Lucian's Q has a higher AD scaling than Quinn's Skystrike at max damage. That's how low her AD scalings are. Consequentially, Quinn doesn't really benefit as much from stacking AD like other champions that build is meant for.
So why does Quinn start BORK+GB? Because Quinn is an early-mid game carry that needs to establish an early lead because she falls off late game by design. Therefore, she thrives from accessible, cost-effective items that give her an incremental, smooth power curve so she can consistently apply pressure. BORK gives AD, AS and lifesteal. GB gives AD, Apen, Crit, MS, and AS. IE only gives AD and crit. Slot-efficient items like IE are meant to prepare you for late game, and has more expensive and harder to acquire components as a tradeoff. For example, while you're sitting on a pickaxe and waiting for your BF sword, I could be pummelling you with bilgewater cutlass and a long sword or two. Quinn just can't afford to get behind early. Furthermore, BORK and GB's actives give her the survivability she needs to complement her unorthodox moveset. Vault is a situational escape, and if an enemy manages to get behind you, you're screwed. That's when you use BORK's active to reposition yourself to vault to safety, which otherwise would have had you vaulting backwards into the enemy team. GB's active on the otherhand gives you the escape which Quinn lacks post-skystrike. This enables you to be more liberal in your usage of Tag Team, which aids your need to snowball. BORK+GB also has better burst than IE+SS and is better at duelling in general, since it's less reliant on proccing crits. And for a champion with an all-in ult with no escape, reliability is key.
As for what I find lacking on Quinn, I've already wrote too much so just read the post I linked before as I share many of the same sentiments as the person that wrote it.
And yes I've had over 1500 games on Quinn to change my play style, and yes I've tried almost every possible build, and no your AP Zed analogy is nowhere near relevant to this discussion.