Basic Improvement Tips:
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Get a champion pool of three champions, with alot of experience with them, in two different lanes. That means master 6 champions.
1A. These champs should preferably be snowbally, and versatile.
EX.
; Super snowball champ, can go top and jungle and mid.
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Focus on CSing and Map awareness.
You can do this in two efficient methods.
2A. Every time you last hit, quickly check your map.
2B. Find a program that will make a 'tick' noise every three seconds, it will cause negative reinforcement to constantly look at your map at every tick, but wont be noticed during teamfights.
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Learn to either mute/encourage your team. No negativity.
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Find a duo partner who is consistent. If one of you fail, the other should succeed. This leads to a more stable winrate.
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Remember that if you are good, you should, statistically, be winning 50% of your games, and that is enough to climb. Never blame your team for constant losses as it blinds you to how you can improve.
Watch the pros/Streamers, see what they do that you don't. Constantly watch for things you can improve on.
EDIT:
Small harassment guide in lane. Do this once you have gotten the mechanics above learned.
Play every champion in your primary role at least once in a normal, so you understand their kit.
Study their kits, learn their approx. cooldowns and their kit synergy, ranges etc.
Once you learn that, play around their kits by knowing how aggressive your champ is, if they are countered by this champ, if you counter their champ.
React to how they play, if they farm with abilities then harass them and wait for JG since they will be pushed, and you will have taken their health down.
If they harass you, then harass back ;^)
Learning to balance harassment, and farming, and wave management, and learning how to gank correctly, is one of the most IMPORTANT things in the game.
Teamfighting/Objective securing is something you can learn second, if your laning phase is super solid and you win lane 90% of the time at your elo, and snowball off other lanes, you will carry anyway.