Okay. For starters, Udyr is a statcheck that got counterpicked. He had no chance in hell of doing anything. His only thing he can do is auto and he was against Jax, a champion who has an ability that straight-up prevents autos from hitting him. The enemy team also had Syndra, Jinx, and Thresh, meaning he would never have gotten close, and they also had Malphite, who builds a fuckton of armor.
Why is this a surprise he had low damage? He had no chance in hell of ever getting close.
And your score was 13/7/4 as an early game champion. Where are the assists? Why are you taking the kills instead of...you know, giving them to your team so they can be relevant? An early game champion's purpose isn't to get as many kills as possible, but rather to get their team ahead.
Anyways, onto the other point - one game is not all games. It can be your team's fault you lost a game, yes. But, assuming you're better than the average player in your tier, the enemy team has a higher chance of losing because their team is bad. You might lose games because of your team, but if you actually deserve a higher rank than you're at, you'll win more games on average.