Short answer: Yes
Long answer: Usually yes, but it kind of depends. Caitlyn becomes a very, very safe ADC late game. She has long range all the time, she can set up a nearly impassable wall of traps to dissuade aggression, and she has a potent escape. These give her a ton of mechanisms for staying safe, which lets her deal damage in situations where other ADCs would have to back off or risk dying. That gives her a ton of situations where she can deal more damage just because she has more chances to attack.
Of course, there is a disadvantage: her DPS can be a bit lacking when compared to other carries. The headshots are an ok steroid but they're nothing amazing, and her very low base attack speed takes a pretty big chunk out of the benefit they can give her. Additionally, the long cast times on her Q and ult make it very hard to weave them into lategame fighting without losing dps, which means she can be down in ability damage. Her safety allows her to compensate very well for this by letting her attack often, but if that safety isn't as important as straight DPS (say, if you need to take down some frontline fighters or tanks that aren't diving you), then she can come up a bit short. These situations are not particularly common, but they do happen and you need to be aware of them when picking her.
I'd say she's generally a strong late game ADC. If that's what you want, and you want it combined with siege potential and early game bullying, than Cait could be a pretty good choice.