Black Scourge Singed

No it is based off the black death/plague clearly.

The singed skin is based on Plague Doctors from the 1300's.

They worked around the time of the black plague and the mask was used because it was believed to keep them safe from the plague when working on patients. More or less Singed was chose for this because he is the opposite of a plague doctor.

I do believe I saw some artwork from a Rioter that featured the plague mask, but it wasn't a champion concept on it's own.