So, controversial but big problem I feel league has. Newer or lower tier players who are stuck in bronze 5 that want to get out are about the same as players who are trolling their asses off in solo queue in the exact same setting. If doublelift grabbed your keyboard and mouse, he could climb outta there easily. If a gold/plat player did it, they could also climb out. The issue, and why I wouldn't blame you, perse, is that being in bronze 5 doesn't really teach you how to evolve past bronze 5. For me personally, any sort of evolution in league comes fro man immense amount of study combines with playing the game. And I learn a ton form opponents who are better than me, but in bronze elo you tend to meet a lot of players who simply aren't better than you. When they win, it's usually done with bad habits that wouldn't work out against better players, so it's not like you can really learn from what they're doing.
What makes this harder, is that educational content surrounding this game is a gigantic time sink, and is scattered across the internet in places that are hard to find. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iko2tqmDpJQ&list=PL9RdXhXESRJzgY_SwHB8T-cZxXljWhQvz This playlist will teach you a lot of diamond + concepts, and if you adopt them, you'll improve a lot. The creator has a generalist guide about all roles and positions, and you should take in all of this knowledge if you want to climb because even if you don't play jungle, for instance, you -do- need to know how the jungler thinks to play to a higher level. Same goes for laning tips if you are a jungler. Google summoner school for the reddit on that, and don't be afraid to log in and ask questions. The summoner school community is a lot more friendly than the traditional league reddit.
The last thing I have to say is, accept that you are probably complete ass at this game, and don't be too proud to take in knowledge from your betters. I'm complete ass at this game myself, but I want to be better. If you're in bronze 5, I guarantee you deserve to be there. But if you want to climb, I wouldn't put it past you to do so. In fact, if you truly want to and you take in all the knowledge you need, then I'd expect it.