If you main support, the best thing to do is to do what someone in here has suggested "abuse 5 man premade." Always go into your ranked games with a friend or two (or more). The more friends you have in the game, the better.
Tips to remember, if the following situations occur:
[ AFK(s) ]
(Top Laner) - Have your jungler camp the hell out of mid or bot lane. And by "camp", I mean have them practically become a duo laner (or triple laner if camping bot) and siege the hell out of everything, as laning phase is now officially over, regardless of tower presence. [Note: This only applies if the laner has been afk for at least a good 5 minutes of the game. This is to ensure that they haven't just dc'd and are actively trying to reconnect. Also note that this tactic can be modified, as necessary, depending on the champions present in the game.]
(Mid Laner) - See Top Laner afk; Only difference being that the jungler camps top or bot
(Ranged AD Carry) - This one is tricky because you have now lost your dps (unless you have a top lane ranged ad carry). If the adc afk's for more than 5 minutes, you can kiss bot lane goodbye. The enemy bot lane now has free farm, free vision of bot lane, and practically free roam. The game isn't over necessarily, but it will be difficult. The best thing to do here is to (1) do well to keep as much vision as possible on the map. This means that everyone (and I mean EVERYONE) on your team should have a vision ward placed somewhere on the map to get as much map coverage as possible. (2) have your front-liner(s) do their best to get as beefy as possible in the shortest amount of time to keep up with the free stuff the enemy adc is getting. This doesn't just mean they should stack resistances, either. It means they need to build to a point where they can take harass from the enemy adc but still be able to slaughter them if that adc mis-steps even in the slightest. And (3) your mid laner should try and roam to one-shot the enemy adc as often as possible.
(Support) - Nothing really changes except for the fact that (1) your adc is now in danger of being tower dove (2) your adc now has lesser chance of surviving the laning phase, and (3) The enemy jungler may often gank bot to the point of damn-near camping it since it's pretty much a free lane, at that point (UNLESS the adc is mechanically good enough to survive the 2v1 lane, alone) This also means there's no sightstone on the team (unless you're like my buddy who builds it on ALL his junglers), so vision between the team is now way more important than it already was before.
(2 or more AFK's) - This situation is rare and will more than likely be a loss. However, champions within the game will determine the best course of action. General rule to follow is to forget the laning phase even exists. However, this has only worked on occasion for me. The tactic here is almost literally champion reliant.
[ Rager(s) / Sarcastic Jerks (a.k.a Toxics) ]
First thing you should do is try to calm them by speaking as calmly as possible. If they still respond with negativity of any sort, mute them and communicate only through the "Ping" system. Basically, don't let their negativity affect your gameplay. Stay focused and let them rage. Help them through gameplay ONLY (assisting them in lane, warding for them, etc), rather than chat.