Can We Discuss Turret Damage and Chogath?

I don't understand why a turret does so little damage to tanks in the mid/late game. How are teams supposed to come back from a deficit if a tank can literally tank it for over 30 seconds at a time? How are teams supposed to avoid tower dives in these situations? I have attached a video of a Chogath I recently played with. Look how much tier 2 tower aggro he can tank without dying, and notice how quickly it takes for him to re-heal afterward. How is that in anyway fair for teams on the defensive?

On a different thought, Chogath as a champion needs to be completely rethought because as of now, he is the perfect top laner with no clear weaknesses. Unless you play Darius, there are few instances where he flat out loses the laning phase, even if you take Conqueror against him. He gets SUPER free, potent sustain in lane to make the laning phase as easy as possible, he has 3 forms of disengage, percent max health damage, extremely potent ranged CC that completely butchers melee champions, and has an unavoidable, point and click 1k HP true damage nuke that makes him tankier. On top of that, he can abuse manaflow band to even make his laning phase even easier. It really is a troubling situation for top lane, and I feel as if something needs to be done about it.