Is it true that all you have to do is out-farm your opponent?

This entire game is about creating an advantage and capitalising on it.

If it's an even match up, out farm your opponent to create the advantage, kill, snowball other lanes.

If your champ is better in lane, outfarm, kill, snowball hard.

If you're playing a lategame champ, keep up in terms of farm, avoid death and win late.

It's not a complex or difficult game.

Technically you'll end up stronger and higher level than your opponent.

People neglect the importance of minions in this game kind of like those top laners that bring ignite and fight opponent at level 3 in a cannon wave.

They're worth a lot of money and do significant damage lol

Imagine if you're up 30 cs on your lane opponent. That's around 600 gold which is about two kills.

Of course, your mileage may vary because it's possible you both have around the same experience/level, but it still puts you at a nice advantage.

No. There are way more factors than that.

If you're a LeBlanc laning against a Ryze, then merely being ahead on cs means you've failed. LeBlanc is a lane bully/roamer who needs to kill her lane opponent or roam to other lanes and kill enemies there to start a snowball. If she merely sits in lane and gets more cs than Ryze then that means Ryze is still getting some cs and is eventually going to outscale you.

In Bronze Elo, outfarming your opponent is all you need to do, correct. You can win even harder if you practice other basics, but farming is really all it takes to get to Silver (I've spectated Bronze Elo matches on all major servers).

If that were true I would still be Bronze, seeing as my last hitting and general farming is Bronze level.

Short Answer: No

Long answer: Denial of XP/Gold is almost as important as your own CS. be big and scary, zone off your opponent from the CS with poke and presence. Warding is always the right idea. Ward everything, everywhere. Roaming, if you're mobile or ranged enough helps you win lane too, because when they're under tower, and you go bot and get two assists with your team, you're ahead.

Um yes. You get better items. Get items Faster. Better Power spikes. You should dominate lane if you out farm your scrub ass opponent. Like I played Gragas top against a Poppy. A non meta pick into a super god teir top. Out farmed, bullied, and went like 10 1 8. When you are lvl 12 and she is lvl 10 i all in ed her under her tower and got a free kill, a tower and only half of health and 1/4th of my mana gone.

No.

If all you do is outfarm Jax or Olaf as Pantheon, you lose since they scale harder.

It is not enough that you win sometimes. You have to make the opponent lose.

Not really. To win lane you need to end the laning phase in a superior position to your opponent. This can be from a large CS lead, multiple kills, taking their tower or some combination of the three. It could be as small as bullying them out of lane a few times to free-farm up a lead in gold, yes. It could also be killing them. Lane is about setting yourself up to win the game come mid and late game teamfights/pushing. If you got their tower but lost two dragons, fed a kill and are down in CS, you probably didn't "win" lane. Someone doesn't always win lane. Sometimes you go even. Sometimes you get a kill but they outfarm you and it's even. Sometimes your support afk's because they had to poop and you lose two towers before they get back then the jungler rages at them until they run down mid feeding on purpose... then you almost come back cause the enemy gets cocky and stupid thinking they have the game in the bag but they lose a vital baron fight and you get an inhib and now they support thinks you can win so he starts trying again but you get aced and lose anyway because someone gets caught out grabbing red buff.

.... I mean, hypothetically.