Any range into a melee is toxic, in lane he has far too much base durability out of his Sheild which is a percentage reduction of damage. His charge is way to consistent in melee, and its not effected by the wave. His Q doesn't have to land on the target to mess them cause his range on purge is more than any champion can get away from without flash.
Because hes ranged you always lose the trade, running away, and if he blocks a combo on a champion who could pressure him early like say renekton or darius, but the damn thing lasts so long. You can't conserve the abilities past that wait out because if you do, he'll just dash out on you. And of course, no amount of baiting will matter into a range match up, because he has a slow and a dash and a resistance steroid, so even if you force one or two
1.) You still traded even because of how much base damage he gets
2.) He still has the remaining one to deal with you and farm from a safe distance awaiting cooldowns.
SPEAKING OF COOLDOWNS
Urgot abuses CDR, he builds a first item cleaver which give the shred from his W, the CDR on everything, the MS passive to keep him constantly phaged up, because thats how his purge works essentially negating the self slow and giving really good chase through the wave when his passive kills things. The CDR is so problematic because of how much base damage is in his kit. The reason tanks don't get good base damage but often get silly ratios (take malphite for example) is because when you give a tank good ratios, they stack fighter items with CDR and steam roll things.
Then add onto all that bullshit which makes him good through lane and first item, he goes mallet, so hes super sticky, super safe, does tons of undodgable passive damage, AND shreds tanks. and supposing he gets engaged on, well dont worry, his purge allows him to drop that sweet sweet max health damage in coneS plural around himself 8 times, before dashing out, and gaining his collosus on top of his W purge resists, all the while providing armor shred from cleaver to every target. There is no point in the game where urgot suffers against any class of champions.