Vayne is hard to learn and harder to master. But once you learn her you can wreak pretty much anyone else.
Definitely hard to learn, but very rewarding. He can fight 1v5 at his turret get a pentakill and save the game. (When played exceptionally well and his opponents are stupid :) )
Anivia can be very rewarding to learn. She's not hard to LEARN but she's hard to PLAY. Learning how to build her correctly is ESSENTIAL and she has maaaaany different paths. Also deciding where you want to lane with her and what summoner spells you want to take makes her very customizable. You can go tanky with ROA in top, full AP with archangels in mid, or even take her support.
Gnar obviously. He has a fairly low skill floor but I've seen so many people (including me) play badly as him. His teamfight potential is insane but he really requires a cooperative team to do well. But that doesn't mean you can't succeed with him in soloq.
Irelia isn't super HARD to play but her skill ceiling is actually pretty high. It's easy to see the difference between an okay irelia and an amazing irelia.
Very low skill floor, very high skill cap. Like these guys.
Learning these champions are not hard, but you have so much to learn when playing them. Mastering their mechanics is sure to benefit you.
Talon is the epitome of the balanced assassin. If you play him right you can easily assassinate and get out, but if you play him wrong you just get piled on and killed.
Orianna isn't hard to play, but learning how to utilize her ultimate in teamfights opens up doors for insane plays. Some people just wait for their enemies to forget her ball and then just ult as people walk over it. I personally kinda like to flash over walls with the ball on my head for a surprise annihilation. (this HARDLY EVER WORKS XD)
I'm not really sure here, but learning how to use your ult and when to place turrets and how to farm and how to easily 1v5 with zhonyas and which ult to use when and what build you want to go for and which lane you want to go in makes him an interesting champ to play. He isn't hard to play, but people that know how to donger will wreak you easily.
Rumble is hard, but his damage is high and he has an insane presence in teamfights. His laning is awkward and he isn't that great early game, but he definitely becomes a force to be reckoned with lategame (and once you learn him)
As much as I FUCKING HATE this champion, he does require some skill. However, lucky for all the people who hate to support, he is SO EASY TO USE. Yet some people are still terrible at him. Learning which target to grab, when to grab, HOW to grab, how to predict dashes flashes and walking and how to flashgrab is crucial. I hate blitzcrank and I refuse to play him, but he does require skill.
Leona requires skill because she's an initiator, if she goes in at the wrong time she can get her whole team killed.
Quinn is an excellent duelist. She is easy to play top lane but playing her mid or botlane IMO requires a lot more skill. In top you need to learn how to duel and cancel dashes and in bottom you need to know how to skirmish. In midlane she's more of a bad assassin. (never played her mid)
Ugh. Honestly there's hardly a single champion in the game that doesn't require some learning to do well with. Every champion can be perfected and every champion can be played well. (or badly) These are just the ones that came to mind for me.
I am really bad at Karma. I have no idea why. But she is VERY strong and benefits from knowing her mechanics. Knowing when to ult and which ult to use is crucial. She can be played top mid and support and each play style and build is very different.