Tanks vs Offtank
TANKS I think that Tanks are very balanced because they play for their utility/CC with low damage and no offensive scaling. They normally falls behind if his carry can't carry him.
OFFTANKS In an ideal world, I imagine offtanks as Tanks with more damage and less CC/Utility:
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Avarage/High base damage: they can stomp squishies with flat armor penetration
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No % armor shred: they (or their teammates) shouldn't kill tanks so quickly
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Avarage/High Bonus AD scaling: they can invest in offensive items to be more effective against squishies
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No hard CC: hard CC are only for tanks
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High base movement speed: tanks are by definition very slow and I guess it should be in this way
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No shield with high base strength or % of maximum health scaling
However, we know that the real world is different. Let's analyze the popular champions in competitive scenes, so we can indentify the problem. Disclaimer: I like the tank characters, but also the popular champions I'm about to write. It's not a QQ: I just would like the game to be more balanced for tanks.

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% of current health damage
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Avarage MS
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AoE avarage/high base damage
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% AoE armor shred
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Avarage CC: Knock up + slow + zoning wall
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Shield with high base strength and scaling
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Attack Speed Aura
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Can be devastating with AoE team comp
I find J4 pretty balanced. However, he has so much utility on his kit that he could be a tank, not an offtank. What I would adjust:
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% of current health damage -> flat bonus physical damage according to bonus AD
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Avarage MS
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AoE avarage/high base damage and bonus AD scaling
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AoE % armor shred -> flat armor penetration shred OTHERWISE only J4 gains % armor penetration
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Avarage CC: Knock up + slow + zoning wall
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Shield with high base strength and scaling
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Attack Speed Aura** -> I don't know: maybe gains bonus armor and magic resist when he's nearthe demacian standard?? Anyway, no aura buffs**
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Can be devastating with AoE team comp

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% of maximum health shield
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Avarage base damage and bonus AD scaling
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High base MS
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Self-Attack speed buff
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% of maximum health damage
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% armor shred
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Good AoE CC
I find Vi very fun to play and pretty balanced as a bruiser and devastating with offensive items against squishy targets and tanks
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% of maximum health shield **-> flat shield strength **
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Avarage base damage and bonus AD scaling
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High base MS
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Self-Attack speed buff
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% of maximum health damage -> flat bonus physical damage according to bonus AD
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% armor shred -> Consecutive AA against the same target make Vi gain X flat armor penetration, up to Y OTHERWISE only Vi gains % armor shred
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Good AoE CC
Balanced ATM.
He does what he pleases.
If you have close to your heart tank character like me, you'll support this thread with your opinion and suggestions. Don't just downvote me because you don't like my advices please. I don't belong in a balanced team. I would like this thread to be a starting point for Riot to balance the game.
Thanks for reading.
PS: Sorry for my bad English >_>
TLDR: In an ideal world, I imagine offtanks as Tanks with more damage and less CC/Utility:
-
Avarage/High base damage: they can stomp squishies with flat armor penetration
-
No % armor shred: they (or their teammates) shouldn't kill tanks so quickly
-
Avarage/High Bonus AD scaling: they can invest in offensive items to be more effective against squishies
-
No hard CC: hard CC are only for tanks
-
High base movement speed: tanks are by definition very slow and I guess it should be in this way
-
No shield with high base strength or % of maximum health scaling