The Echo Chamber
I don't think we will ever have a good environment for real discussions in the gameplay section. NA as well as EUW has the same problem. I do think though that on NA the negativity is especially overwhelming.
To sum it up, players get frustrated ingame because they lose and then they start to look for something to blame, this is usually the meta and popular picks. So they come here and start making the same complaints over and over again until everyone has seen it and since many players have this same negative mentality, they can confirm each other and keep doing it, until they literally convinced themselves that they are right.
I don't think there is a simple solution for that. Downvotes or upvotes for example are just meaningless imo. We are talking about users who are not willing to honestly discuss something and votes are just symptoms for that attitude. I don't think anyone cares that much about votes.
What you should do is hire an army of mods and enforce a proper debate culture. I don't think thats possible.
Alternatively you could try to teach the game to thousands of players. I don't think thats possible either.
I guess you could do some things like videos, a decent game guide or an improved tutorial and try to clear up some misconceptions and also promote teamwork and proper communication, but then again many people have done this before and if you wanted to you could easily find an answer on everything. I think the majority of players doesn't want to know the details and they are just fine with knowing a little bit more then the basics. They don't want to learn.