[Client] I had to exit a game due to lag, no reconnect button, game doesn't exist

In a ranked match, I got the "Attempting to Reconnect" message and waited for 2-3 minutes. Nothing happened, so I decided to exit the game and reconnect. I exited the game, and, lo and behold, no reconnect button. Instead it just showed me the skip waiting for stats screen. Then I skipped it and was brought back to the main client page.

I checked LoLNexus, op.gg, and the Match History of myself and those I played with, and the game wasn't there. My LP didn't seem to change either. LoLReplay says it was around 16 min when I disconnected, so a surrender couldn't have happened. Only 2 of our towers were down when I lagged out, so it's unlikely anyone got to the nexus that fast.

What happened?