idk if bronze is same as silver but here is how i climbed outta b3 or b2. I also got some advice from a friend of mine who went from B4 to D5.
I'll start with support. For bronze, play the carry supps if you can. The supps like Alistar, Thresh, and maybe the healers. Be sure to get general macro better like objectives and ending the game faster. If you believe in counter picking, here is a general knowledge of types of supports and which is good against which. Utility (stuff like soraka), CC (Braum), Kill (blitz and thresh), and poke (Xerath and Zyra). Healers like Soraka is good against poke champions, however, they are extremely weak to the kill supports like blitz for obvious reasons. Kill supports are countered by CC supports because of how a cc support can deny damage and can peel for the adc like a Tahm Kench eating their adc if leona uses her zenith blade. CC supports are weak to poke supports because of how the damage is consistent rather than a short burst. Why am I spouting all this? Because in my experience, If you win lane, you can usually win game depending how you snowball your lead. In bronze, people like to rage. If you are able to destroy lane, they will be put on tilt. If you are lucky enough they will int, afk, or just not help their team all game. For teamfights, depending on team comp and who you are playing. you should always be focused on keeping your adc alive as a healer and peel when your cc tank. And the most important is vision control. I can't say buy sightstone anymore thanks to its removal but ALWAYS try to buy a control ward whenever you can as well as the oracle trinket. look up places to ward around the map and always ward the objectives like baron and the jungle. decisions like to call baron when all 5 are up is based around vision because if you see the adc or jungler across the map, you can start the objective at the opposite side of where they are.
Moving to toplane, I'm not sure about carries like panth, fiora, or riven, But when I played top, I played stuff like poppy or Maokai because of 2 things, engage, and peel. When I play super tanks like poppy, I always am near the adc and looking around to make sure that things like shyv or kha'zix can't get on them. If your adc is untouchable, they will deal loads of damage like a varus or a MF if they are left untouched.
For general game knowledge in my experience, Solo carry is good, but its a lot easier if you get the team ahead! you can split push all game or group, but it won't help them if they get destroyed early game. As top, you can roam mid if you push in you make the enemy back or push them hard under tower. Usually you'd walk mid to gank or make a TP play botside if the enemy is going hard near your side of the lane and you can tp to a deep ward and help. for supports like thresh or bard, you could roam as much as you want mid. (quoting diamond friend) "The difference between gold or lower and plat, is that the plat players use their lead to get their teammates ahead".
I hope this helped, I know its a long read.
BTW I ended in g5 last season