If someone instalocks mid and goes 0-10 in 15 minutes, of course I am going to rage and say "stop feeding" or "Play bots"
You might want to try not raging then?
it's not something like a thunderbolt killing your connection in the middle of a game, you have full control over raging or not raging.
Being capable of being cool under pressure is an extremely useful quality to have in basically any situation.
It's also not like raging at someone is going to accomplish anything.
A big part of LoL is actually the fact it's a team game, so teamwork and maintaining solid team spirit and moral can actually win you games.
Raging at people usually kills moral and obliterates team-work, which will result in a loss more often than loosing lane.
With good team-work, you can recover from some pretty massive screw-ups on the skill side of things, pulling out some miraculous wins.
Raging at your teammates will result in more losses more often than simply loosing your lane.
Why is it you can be chat banned for almost nothing
Raging is not nothing, and it's something you have complete control over.