If it were that simple, wouldn't it have been done already?
I've never found damage scaling on tanks to be a major problem. If anything, I enjoy it; if I want, I can build glass cannon on a tank and have fun while playing a normal. If you take away too much of the damage scaling, you'd gut all the "fun" playstyles.
Also, a lot of tanks already have built in defense. Malphite has bonus armor and a shield, Maokai has sustain and damage reduction, Braum has bonus resists and directional damage reduction, etc.
Also, if tanks could bodyblock ranged AAs, you'd also have to rebalance ADCs and other ranged champions to consider this. It would just create way more problems than it would solve.