Except true damage, by concept.
By the way, Jax still wouldn't have his damage reflected. His W and R are not considered on-hit effects. They're considered on-attack spells, which is a huge difference mechanically and fundamentally. The only relation is that its applied by an auto attack.
The only on-hit in Jax's kit are the stacks that proc his R when they reach 3, which don't deal any damage themselves.
Outside of those two cases (which just happen to be the two you mentioned) and Irelia/Fiora/Vayne, Thornmail would provide a unique and much-needed niche item against on-hit builds.