Starting rune pages depend on what kind of champions you play. I'm going to leave general pages with classes above the sets.
ADCs
9x AD red
9x Armor yellow
9x Magic resist blue
3x Attack speed Quint
AP mid
9x Magic pen red
9x Armor yellow
9x Magic resist OR AP blue
3x AP quint
Support (mage)
9x Magic pen red
9x HP yellow
6x Magic resist blue
3x Mana regen blue
3x Armor quint
Support (tank)
9x Armor red
9x HP yellow
9x Magic resist blue
3x Armor quint
AD assassin
9x Armor pen red
9x Armor yellow
9x Magic resist blue
3x Armor pen OR AD quint
Devourer jungler
9x Attack speed red
9x Armor yellow
9x Magic resist blue
3x attack speed quint
Runic echoes jungler
9x Magic penetration red
9x Armor yellow
9x AP blue
3x AP quint
Warrior jungler
9x AD red
9x Armor yellow
9x Magic resist blue
3x AD quint
Everything else is either situational or repetitive. These are all really basic and ideally there will be specific pages for matchups (especially in the midlane where you may opt for MR over AP in the blues or for CDR, etc.) And it also varies depending on champion. Unfortunately runes are very expensive and I know the pain of not having what I need.
I know you didn't ask about it, but IP boosts really aren't worth the cost in the long run. Eventually you'll run out of things to buy. I own every champion and all of the viable runes (no energy regen, XP, death timer, etc runes) and still have a load of IP leftover. The only way to really blow it is on the 1500 IP icons that come out every once in awhile and then on the new champs for 7800 whenever they come out.