I don't really agree the balance is all that messed up. And windowsninex to address your problem, I completely agree it is harder to move up in bronze than it is through gold, because not only are you fighting your own lack in skill, but also the lack in skill of your teammates. I started in bronze 2, and over a few years very slowly moved to gold 2.
The biggest tips I can give you, is take responsibility, always. Even if your team fed or DC'd, if you had been more fed it is still possible to win even 3v5's. Next, is make sure you're getting as much CS as physically possible. You want a lot of kills, but if you didn't get immediately fed, having a 40 cs lead on your opponent is massive. Next is watch the minimap as much as possible. Knowing that top is MIA without the ping or call puts you at a massive advantage to counter attack or avoid the gank. And lastly, roam/follow pings as much as you can. If your jungler is a completely idiot, and about to get caught in a 2v1 in their jungle, go help him out. Even if your jungler dies and you get 1 kill, it was definitely worth the time for you. Because then you go back to your lane with a gold advantage over your opponent.
Slowly all of this will add up until a 5-0 bot lane will get dominated if you're 10-0 with 40 more cs than them. It's always possible to be even more fed, it just comes down to making it more common than not. It's definitely not as easy as I'm making it sound, but I promise it is possible. I've done it myself.
