I don't think you're getting this.
When viewing a case the only chat people see is that of the person in question. Why? Because their chat is all that matters as judges are judging them and them alone. We don't need to know the context to be able to tell if someone was being a jerk. Since you claim to already know why you got punished, I'll just link you to the official announcement on the penalty escalation system by Lyte as well as include a passage taken directly from the thread as well for future reference:
- We introduced a new version of the penalty escalation system. Now, punishments in League of Legends work like this:
First Offense: 10 Chat Restrictions
Second Offense: 25 Chat Restrictions
Third Offense: 14-Day Ban
Fourth Offense: Permanent Ban
However, if a player is showing more severe behaviors, it is possible to be escalated straight to the 3rd Offense Tier, and immediately get a 14-day ban for your first offense. This also means that if you get another offense after that (even if it's a less severe behavior!) you will be escalated to a permanent ban. By showing neutral or positive behaviors, it is possible to improve your account standing and drop punishment tiers as well.
As you can see, MeilinII wasn't making up those facts about the escalating punishment system, what they were saying about it was legit.