how are they able to DDOS you? have you anywhere youre IP might be shown? otherwise, i think they would have to be running some kind of tracer script in the background on their end...which could be taxing on their machine....but, maybe you can get a ping alerter. back in the day, some firewalls used to have a "ping alert" when someone outside you're allowed settings was trying to ping youre ports to gain access, and then allowed you block the pinger, and send a report....
not sure if many of those programs still run today. im sure one has to be out there for free. so should you run into these attackers again, you will get every IP they ping you with in a log file. and can send it to riot, along with the in game proof of their bragging.
as a FORMER hacker myself from the late 90s to early 2000s, ddos was much easier, among other things, packet flooding, ect...it just overwhelms your system. you could, activate "ping blocking". but that would more then likely disrupt the normal net activity of games, programs,ect that you use unless you add them to the allowed list. but thats a big job.
if you are able to find a free ping alert program, take note of the IPs, and most programs like AVG have in the firewall advanced settings, to block certain IPs. or even in the settings, you can look at the logs and it will show you whats been accessed/blocked, ect. but if they are using a ip spoofer, then you will get nothing but fake ips. then would have to be up to riot to sniff it out. but still could not hurt to send the logs that correspond with the times of the said attacks.
really sucks that happened to you. :( i hope it gets better