Overall I'd say the 3 biggest threats are the void,the shadow isles and the watchers
All 3 of them look like they could be extremely powerful
The void doesn't seem that organized,but if malzahars visions are true,then they will come and consume everything.Not to mention that the atmosphere of the void seems to be extremely dangerous itself,what would happen if the voids atmosphere actually leaked into the world of runeterra?that would seriously mess things up
The shadow isles are also quite impressive,I mean bilgewater looks rather helpless against them.The harrowing allows them everytime to raid large parts of the sea and they can't do anything about it.
And the more enemies they kill,the stronger they get,the next harrowing will be probably even worse than the previous one.
However I'd say the shadow isles are at the moment still not that much of a threat,their growth in strenght is the problem,so they could become extremely dangerous if nothing is done against them.
Lastly the frostguard might be a tiking time bomb.
The frostguard themselves might be strong,but I wouldn't consider them much of a threat.Their strenght is probably roughly on the same level as the winters claw or the avarosan(maybe a bit stronger,but not by that much),thats why lissandra doesn't take action.
The dangerous thing though would be the watchers.If the frostguard managed to awaken enough of them,then that could cause serious troubles.
I mean judging from greyors quotes,they were once able to conquer basically all of valoran with the help of the watchers.
Bonus points go to
who could be more dangerous than all of the above together if freed from the sarcophagus that is limiting his powers,but his motives were always kinda vague,even before the retcon,so he might not be an actual threat