The quote sounds like a narrow minded approach frankly. In a way it's basically saying that should a kill be in sight and your marksman or bot lane partner is not there to pick up for it, you're supposed to disengage. I've been on the side of the "stop taking kills" quote by the bot laner and "why didn't you kill" quote by the jungler once in the same game as Sona. Although that was a rather toxic game in itself from the start and I was quite more in that "I don't give a damn" mindset unlike nowadays.
You did as you needed to honestly. Letting go of those kills would be letting go of gold. Basically you take the kills and he makes that quote. But if you don't take the kills, the player possibly flames you for it. It's better off calling it worth than nothing which is why I think the player's response was very narrow minded and selfish.
Added note: Not just Teemo bot lanes. I'm a Teemo bot lane player. I never really care about having kills taken