Reports do not lead directly to punishment.
They lead to a review of the match for the player being reported.
9 reports are no different than 1 report, it just flags the match for review.
Once your account has a certain number of flagged matches associated with it, the system randomly selects some of those matches for review. Once reviewed, if you did nothing wrong in any of those matches, the reports are thrown out and those players future reports become less valuable.
The severity of the punishment is not based on severity of offense. It is a 4 strike system, where severity of the punishment is based on how many strikes you have accrued:
1st strike - 10 game chat ban
2nd strike - 25 game chat ban
3rd strike - 14 day full ban
4th strike - perma
There is an exception for hate speech, racial slurs, or extreme cases of toxicity, that will result in skipping and going straight to 3rd or 4th strike.
Your account was not suspended because of the reports, it was suspended because you consistently and frequently did something against the rules in your matches.
You should have received an email that explained what category your punishment was and depending on the category may have contained chat logs. Be sure to check your email's spam folder as it can sometimes get caught in there.