Just remember that there is never a good excuse to retaliate, even if you are being harassed. In these types of situations you always need to focus on yourself. You control what you say and type, just mute and report if you need to. Remember that false reports will not be considered. Riot does not look at how many reports in a game you receive but how often you get a reported per game. Also remember that it is against Riot's ToS to ask other players to report an individual.
In the end you can't control what other players do. If they are trolling or harassing just report and move on. If they are the type of person that truly deserves a ban they will continue to get reported and eventually will be banned. Don't let their actions goad you into a dispute that puts you in the wrong as well.