They actually still provide gains...but it's complicated. The formula for Ashe's damage on frosted targets is different than how normal crit works. As someone else pointed out...you must actually have some quantity of %crit chance in order to take advanatge of %crit damage.
It works like this...
%crit chance on Ashe = more damage on frosted targets only
%crit damage = a multiplier to the bonus damage from %crit chance
So basicly if your %crit chance is 0....the 0 x anything is still 0.
However, buy any Crit chance item and your damage bonus is greater than it would be without crit damage runes if you have them equiped.
It's important to understand that %crit chance sucks early game as it helps absolutely zero with last hitting. 1st attacks on targets not frosted have no damage bonus. Follow up shots will do more damage however. Secondly, crit damage only benifts you if you have a significant amount of crit chance first. That includes IE. It is much much more potent if you have a second or third crit chance item than the same amount of AD from items that don't have crit chace.