As much as I'm aware this is likely a troll, I still feel obligated to respond. Champs like Riven are good, yes, but they aren't broken if you can play to them. Let's just take Riven as an example. She isn't very challenging to play, yes, she does have high mobility, yes, but are her scalings and base damage way higher than other champions? no. Look at these stats directly from the LoL wiki.
Broken Wings(Riven Q)
PHYSICAL DAMAGE: 10 / 30 / 50 / 70 / 90 (+ 40 / 45 / 50 / 55 / 60% AD)
TOTAL DAMAGE: 30 / 90 / 150 / 210 / 270 (+ 120 / 135 / 150 / 165 / 180% AD)
Vault Breaker(Vi Q)
MINIMUM PHYSICAL DAMAGE: 50 / 75 / 100 / 125 / 150 (+ 80% bonus AD)
MAXIMUM PHYSICAL DAMAGE: 100 / 150 / 200 / 250 / 300 (+ 160% bonus AD)
As you can see, Riven isn't holding a significant damage advantage. So why are you losing to Riven and not to Vi? Well, that could be held accountable to a number of things. The Vi might be bad at the champ, the Riven might be really good, the Riven is a smurf(commonly used excuse, which usually isn't true), or the most obvious reason: you don't know how to counterpick or play against Riven. Riven does have counters, and even if a skilled Riven can beat her counters, a player who reacts correctly to Riven doesn't even need to play a counter champ to avoid getting stomped. Riven is one of many examples of this, and players who don't know what they are doing will almost always blame their failure with "well I had to fight Riven", which is by no means what happened. You were beat because you either did really bad or because Riven did really good. Don't be fooled by the stereotype that champions like Riven are completely broken, because any champion can be truly strong in the hands of someone who knows how to play her well. So if your problem is that you can't deal with champions like Riven, it isn't your fault. You just need practice. Play the lane you want, and don't fear that you might have to face someone you consider broken, HOPE FOR IT. Learn from what you do wrong, and eventually you can beat that champion. Anything can be accomplished with practice.
And to finish out your list, have some basic advice on how to fight/counter the champions you listed:
: Avoid poke when you can. Suggested counter: Irelia.
: Don't expect to escape with low health, her Distortion(W) and Mimic(R) will likely catch you if you don't back out. Suggested counter: Fizz.
: Dodge his Rocket grab, do I really need to explain why? Just use your flash or a mobility spell, most AD Carries have one. Suggested counter: (ADC)Anyone with a dash, (Support)Janna, Morgana.
: Katarina is a champion with no CC at all. Hit her with some and she is useless. Also, Katarina is only scary if she gets fed. So play mid and be cautious, or jungle and gank her often. Suggested counter: (Mid)Annie, Twisted fate, (Jungle)Sejuani, Amumu.
: Punish her before level 6. She can't do very much without her ult, so at this time she will be playing pretty passively. If she uses her Twilight Shroud(W) you can counter it by placing a pink ward(something you should buy against any champ with stealth). Suggested counter: (Top)Tryndamere, Darius, (Mid)LeBlanc, Ahri.
: Dodge her spears, avoid traps, don't expect to kill her since she has her heal. Nidalee will gladly tower dive you if you're low enough so punish this choice with CC. Suggested counter: (Mid)Leblanc, Master Yi, (Jungle),Rek'Sai, Vi.
: Dodge his whirlwind so he can't use Last Breath(R). Don't play a champion with projectile attacks, he can just block them with Wind Wall(W). Suggested counter: (Top)Darius, (Mid)LeBlanc.
: Don't let him poke you, he wins most trades. Try to get him low before fighting so he has to use Bloodlust(Q) and waste his fury. Never expect to kill him unless you have solid evidence Undying Rage(R) is down, and keep in mind he can still cast it while under CC. Suggested Counter: (Top)Somebody Ranged who can dodge Spinning Slash(E), (Jungle)Nidalee, Shyvana.
: Basic tip for any lane: if you're worried about your enemy, ask the jungler to gank for you. Her Lunge(Q) only works on enemies, so she effectively has no escape, but can definetly catch you if you run. Her ult is more useful the more people she can hit with it, so don't clump up against her. Keep in mind her Riposte(W) only blocks basic attacks, so the ability isn't very useful against casters. Suggested counter: Cassiopeia.
: Punish Nasus early, or don't punish him at all. Nasus with items can be very tanky, and if he has significant stacks on Siphoning Strike(Q), he can easily chunk people. Deny him as many stacks as possible, or at least punish him for getting them. Suggested counter: Vi, Riven, Swain.
: Dodge her Dark Binding(Q), Don't stand in her Tormented Soil(W). If your jungler comes to gank make sure to bait her Black Shield(E) first, since it prevents all CC for 5 seconds. Suggested counter: (Mid)Katarina, Leblanc, (Support)Annie.
: Rek'Sai was kind of broken on release, but they've nerfed her repeatedly since then. She is still strong, but her early game is pretty weak and can be easily punished. If you invade her jungle, you can easily pick her off after she grabs her buff for an easy first blood(most of the time). Otherwise, stomp her tunnels and be careful of any tunnels near you when you hear the sound effect from Void Rush(R). Suggested counter: Vi, Shyvana, Irelia.
I hope this helps people to deal with these champions, just remember that if you're blaming your error on the enemy's champion pick, you're not doing it correctly. The fault usually lies in them simply being better than you or playing things out better. Just remember to have fun and don't rage. See you all on the rift! ^_^